Heat broiler. Slice peppers in half and remove seeds. Place under broiler for 1-2 minutes, flipping once. Remove and set aside. Reduce heat to 375˚.
Heat olive oil in a skillet over medium heat. Dice onion and add to olive oil, cooking for 3-4 minutes. Remove kernels from cob and add to onion. Cook until onion and corn is cooked through, 4-5 minutes. Let cool slightly.
Add corn mixture to a food processor along with goat cheese, veggie broth, and salt. Pulse until mixture is creamed together but still has chunks of corn.
Evenly spoon mixture in to peppers. Bake for 15-18 minutes. Mixture should be puffed up slightly and browning on top.
To make rice, cover rice with water in a medium pot and bring to a boil. Continue to cook until rice is tender, adding more water if necessary. Drain and toss with cilantro, lime juice, and zest. Server with peppers.